at the Barcelona exhibition in 1929, when I was sixteen years old. en la Exposición de Barcelona de 1929, yo tenía dieciseis años. This version is supported by the fact that in 1923 Carmen Amaya performed in a club in Madrid, which would be unlikely for a 5-year-old child, and a quote by Carmen Amaya herself in which she refers to her performance at the 1929 world exhibition: However José Luis Navarro García, cátedra de flamencología, as well as most other sources name November 2, 1913. According to Montse Madridejos, professor of Music History at the University of Barcelona and a flamenco history researcher, who specializes in Carmen Amaya, her ethnicity could have also been a factor in the birth date ambiguity: “At that time, a gypsy was neither baptized, nor registered”. According to them, photographs showing Carmen Amaya as a teenager also support 1918 as the year of birth. Furthermore, a 1920 oil painting by Julio Moisés named Maternidad shows a mother with a 2-3 year old girl, supposed to be Carmen with her mother Micaela.
They claim that no birth document is available and the document of baptism was lost due to a church fire. They name Barcelona's inhabitants list of 1930, in which a family Amalla with a 12-year-old daughter Carmen is mentioned. Montse Madridejos and David Pérez Merinero name 1918 as year of birth. Carmen was the second of eleven children, although only six (three sisters and two brothers) survived to adulthood. She was born to a Spanish Romani family, to José Amaya Amaya "El Chino ("The Chinaman")," a guitar player, and Micaela Amaya Moreno.
1.2 Consolidation in the United States (1941–1947).1.1 Beginning of international success: South America and Central America (1936–1940).
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